Tunnel Fire Modelling: Enhancing Safety Through CFD Fire Simulations

Tunnels used for roadways, metro systems, or utility corridors are essential to modern infrastructure, especially in rapidly urbanising cities across the Middle East and around the world. However, these confined environments present significant fire safety challenges. In the event of a fire, restricted ventilation and the presence of high fuel loads such as vehicles, flammable cargo, or large numbers of passengers can lead to rapid fire development and extensive smoke spread. This poses serious risks to life safety and complicates emergency response operations.